A Dali? In Prison? Painting Has Its Own Story

NEW YORK - The painting hangs on a wall between a soda machine and three pay phones. Guards hurry past. Down the hall, behind locked doors, thieves and drug dealers clamor in their cells.

This is no art gallery. It's a place for hard time. But there it is, a forgotten footnote in the art world.

Capt. Anthony Bianchi, a Rikers Island jailer for 18 years, stared at the painting recently, pointing out features sketched in a tangle of dark lines: a man on a cross, his arms stretched out, his right eye glaring. And there, at the bottom, the signature: Dali.

"I would never have believed it would have been in a prison. I would think it would be in a museum," Bianchi said.

How does an original work by Salvador Dali - the surrealist master whose paintings have sold for millions - come to be at a rough and crowded prison on an island in New York City's East River?

Dali scheduled prison visit

The story begins in February 1965, when Dali scheduled a visit to Rikers while living at the St. Regis Hotel just off Fifth Avenue.

The boat trip to the prison was to be signature Dali, another spectacle for an artist already renowned for his mix of surrealism and self-promotion. Inmate artists would get to visit with the mustachioed Spaniard, who spent a few weeks behind bars himself as a rebellious art student in the 1920s. Accompanying him would be an array of reporters, his pet ocelot and his wife, Gala.

But the visit never happened. Dali awoke feeling feverish on the morning of Feb. 26. Outside, the temperature was dropping from the 50s to a bitter 25, the wind blowing hard down the city streets.

"The maestro is very sick," Gala said on the phone to Dali's associate, Nico Yperifanos, who had organized the trip to benefit the prison's inmate arts program.

But Dali didn't want to disappoint. Still in his nightclothes when Yperifanos rushed over to his 10th-floor suite, he ordered a message delivered: "Go down and tell them Dali is sick. But in an hour and a half, there will be a wonderful gift for the prisoners of Rikers Island."

Yperifanos, now 84, recalls Dali's whispered instructions as they walked to the artist's third-floor studio: no talking.

Still in slippers, the master took up his brush. An hour and 15 minutes later, it was finished, and Yperifanos went alone to the prison and the waiting inmates, gift in hand.

"He'd like to give a message to the prisoners that you are artists. Don't think your life is finished for you. With art, you have to always feel free," Yperifanos recalls telling the prisoners.

Unlike his other paintings

Dali's most celebrated paintings are complex and unsettling, with the intense, irrational reality of a dream. Think of the rich colors, melting watches and stunted tree in "The Persistence of Memory."

By contrast, his untitled piece for Rikers, a version of the Crucifixion, is simple, quick, harsh.

The watercolor-and-charcoal work, on a 4-by-5-foot sheet of paper, is now yellowing with age. It is a bird's nest of dark lines, indecipherable at first glance. Then the cross comes clear, strong and clean and square. Then a man's bloodshot eye, glaring through a tangle of hair, possibly thorns. Then blood or maybe just a stain dripping down the long, ravaged body.

The painting was hung in the cafeteria of the Correctional Institution for Men, the main prison on Rikers, and promptly forgotten. There is no longer an arts program.

The painting was taken down in 1981. For years, it was locked away in an office. It was rehung in the late 1980s, alongside a plaque authenticating it.

Dali died in 1989.

Now only officers and visitors pass through the hall where the painting hangs. Prisoners are locked behind doors a hundred feet away from Dali's gift. They never see it.